I built LiME from the tarball on the project site (not latest svn) and was able to dump memory successfully (type=lime). After many trials and tribulations I was able to get the Volatility profile built for CentOS 5.3x64 (had to remove pmem from the Makefile). I put the profile in the correct directory, and vol.py --info lists it as expected, however when I try to use the profile with the memory image I get an error.
chort@hydra:~/code/profiles-volatility/CentOS_5.3_x64$ vol.py --profile=LinuxCentOS_5_3x64 -f /fun/ir/geriatrix.lime linux_lsmod
Volatile Systems Volatility Framework 2.3_alpha
WARNING : volatility.obj : Overlay structure cpuinfo_x86 not present in vtypes
No suitable address space mapping found
Tried to open image as:
MachOAddressSpace: mac: need base
LimeAddressSpace: lime: need base
WindowsHiberFileSpace32: No base Address Space
WindowsCrashDumpSpace64: No base Address Space
HPAKAddressSpace: No base Address Space
VirtualBoxCoreDumpElf64: No base Address Space
VMWareSnapshotFile: No base Address Space
WindowsCrashDumpSpace32: No base Address Space
JKIA32PagedMemoryPae: No base Address Space
AMD64PagedMemory: No base Address Space
JKIA32PagedMemory: No base Address Space
IA32PagedMemoryPae: Module disabled
IA32PagedMemory: Module disabled
MachOAddressSpace: MachO Header signature invalid
MachOAddressSpace: MachO Header signature invalid
LimeAddressSpace: Invalid Lime header signature
WindowsHiberFileSpace32: PO_MEMORY_IMAGE is not available in profile
WindowsCrashDumpSpace64: Header signature invalid
HPAKAddressSpace: Invalid magic found
VirtualBoxCoreDumpElf64: ELF64 Header signature invalid
VMWareSnapshotFile: Invalid VMware signature: 0xf000ff53
WindowsCrashDumpSpace32: Header signature invalid
JKIA32PagedMemoryPae: Incompatible profile LinuxCentOS_5_3x64 selected
AMD64PagedMemory: Failed valid Address Space check
JKIA32PagedMemory: Incompatible profile LinuxCentOS_5_3x64 selected
IA32PagedMemoryPae: Module disabled
IA32PagedMemory: Module disabled
FileAddressSpace: Must be first Address Space
ArmAddressSpace: Incompatible profile LinuxCentOS_5_3x64 selected
On a hunch I checked the directory I built the profile in (copied headers & source from the target system):
chort@hydra:~/code/profiles-volatility/CentOS_5.3_x64$ grep cpuinfo *
System.map-2.6.18-128.el5:ffffffff8006f328 t show_cpuinfo
System.map-2.6.18-128.el5:ffffffff80103251 t cpuinfo_open
System.map-2.6.18-128.el5:ffffffff8020eadb t show_cpuinfo_max_freq
System.map-2.6.18-128.el5:ffffffff8020eafa t show_cpuinfo_min_freq
System.map-2.6.18-128.el5:ffffffff8020f759 t show_cpuinfo_cur_freq
System.map-2.6.18-128.el5:ffffffff802f0bc0 D cpuinfo_op
System.map-2.6.18-128.el5:ffffffff80308420 d proc_cpuinfo_operations
System.map-2.6.18-128.el5:ffffffff803319a0 d cpuinfo_cur_freq
System.map-2.6.18-128.el5:ffffffff80331b20 d cpuinfo_min_freq
System.map-2.6.18-128.el5:ffffffff80331b60 d cpuinfo_max_freq
Platform running Volatility (2.3_alpha, latest from svn):
Linux hydra 3.2.0-35-generic #55-Ubuntu SMP Wed Dec 5 17:42:16 UTC 2012 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
Source of memory image:
Linux geriatrix.smtps.net 2.6.18-128.el5 #1 SMP Wed Jan 21 10:41:14 EST 2009 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
What am I missing?
--
chort
I noticed there’s a special ifdef for 2.6.18 kernels, which this is. The alleged redefinitions also appear to be inside of a struct, in which case is that really an error? This compiler (gcc-4.1.2) evidently thinks it is.
make -C //lib/modules/2.6.18-308.4.1.el5.P1/build CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO=y M="/root/scratch/vol-linux" modules
make[1]: Entering directory `/usr/src/kernels/2.6.18-308.4.1.el5.P1-x86_64'
CC [M] /root/scratch/vol-linux/module.o
/root/scratch/vol-linux/module.c:204: error: redefinition of ‘struct module_sect_attr’
/root/scratch/vol-linux/module.c:211: error: redefinition of ‘struct module_sect_attrs’
/root/scratch/vol-linux/module.c:353:5: warning: "STATS" is not defined
/root/scratch/vol-linux/module.c:369:5: warning: "DEBUG" is not defined
make[2]: *** [/root/scratch/vol-linux/module.o] Error 1
make[1]: *** [_module_/root/scratch/vol-linux] Error 2
make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/src/kernels/2.6.18-308.4.1.el5.P1-x86_64'
make: *** [dwarf] Error 2
--
bk
Hi all,
I can't quite see what's wrong with my logic here, but I must be missing
something.
Hoping someone can help me out.
I'm looking for a private key in a memory sample (WinXPSP2x86).
Specifically, to find out which process/es is/are accessing it.
I can find the key by searching the raw memory dump (memory.dmp).
As you might expect it's between:
-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
I generated an offset:string file by using strings.
Then, using the strings plugin I get this output:
$ python vol.py -f memory.dmp --profile=WinXPSP2x86 strings -s pk.txt
Volatility Foundation Volatility Framework 2.4
188435934 [FREE MEMORY:-1] -----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
188435968 [FREE MEMORY:-1] -----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
317375704 [kernel:d2ab24d8] -----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
317376575 [kernel:d2ab283f] -----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
417203416 [123:75b6b4d8] -----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
417204287 [123:75b6b83f] -----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
419888606 [FREE MEMORY:-1] -----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
419888640 [FREE MEMORY:-1] -----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
Lovely. So I now do a memdump of process 123:
$ python vol.py -f memory.dmp --profile=WinXPSP2x86 memdump --pid=123
--dump-dir=123
Volatility Foundation Volatility Framework 2.4
************************************************************************
Writing myapp.exe [ 123] to 123.dmp
However, if I search 123.dmp neither the BEGIN or END strings are present.
So I thought I'd try and find it via the virtual address give, 0x75b6b4d8:
$ python vol.py -f memory.dmp --profile=WinXPSP2x86 memmap --pid=123
Virtual Physical Size DumpFileOffset
---------- ---------- ---------- --------------
--SNIP--
0x75b6b000 0x18de0000 0x1000 0x1a3000
--SNIP--
The text is indeed at 0x18de04d8 in memory.dmp, but not at 0x1a34d8 in
123.dmp.
Again, it's no where to be found in 123.dmp.
Any suggestions..??
Many thanks,
Adam
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--
Thanks,
Andrew (@attrc)
Our public five day Windows memory forensic classes in Reston in April
and NYC in May are filling fast. If you are looking to take the course
in the US before winter then please contact us ASAP:
http://www.memoryanalysis.net/#!memory-forensics-training/c1q3n
--
Thanks,
Andrew (@attrc)
(Argh, sorry if you just received a messed email. Darn keyboard shortcuts.
Anyway...)
Hi all,
CORPORATE BLOG WARNING!
In case you were dozing and missed it, I posted a blog entry today on using
Volatility in anger.
I used it to analyse a hiberfil.sys and identify a few things about a
keylogger that was running on a client's system.
I tried to make it as detailed as possible, specifically around the
Volatility commands I was using and why I chose them.
http://ctx.is/thank-malware-T
Andrew Case has already been kind enough to provide me with some feedback,
which I shall take the liberty of sharing below:
"When you ran dlldump to grab the WinInstall.dll you could have used '-b
0x000007fef5930000' to only get the DLL you wanted instead of all of
them. That address comes from dlllist output and its where the DLL is
loaded into memory."
"For finding the service you could have tried the 'svcscan' plugin and if
you do 'svcscan -v', it will list the path of the DLL or driver used to
start the service. That is easier than searching through the registry."
Thanks Andrew!
Regards,
Adam
Also,
Imageinfo correctly identified it as
IA32PagedMemoryPae, and suggested Win7SP1x86, but it's easy to miss, just
like everyone reading this thread (myself included). 5:)
Mike 5:)
Hi all,
Just trying to figure out where I'm going wrong.
I have a hiberfil.sys file from a Win7SP1x64 system.
The first 6 pages are full of 0x00 which I believe means the hiberfil was
wiped as part of a resume.
Having read the AOMF, specifically p98, I expected Volatility to brute
force the header and, voila, magic happens.
However, Volatility just reports that it wasn't able to find a matching
address space:
$ python vol.py -f /tmp/hiberfil.sys imageinfo
Volatility Foundation Volatility Framework 2.4
Determining profile based on KDBG search...
Suggested Profile(s) : No suggestion (Instantiated with
Win7SP1x86)
AS Layer1 : IA32PagedMemoryPae (Kernel AS)
AS Layer2 : WindowsHiberFileSpace32 (Unnamed AS)
AS Layer3 : FileAddressSpace (/tmp/hiberfil.sys)
PAE type : PAE
DTB : 0x185000L
KDBG : 0x82d3ac28
Number of Processors : 4
Image Type (Service Pack) : 1
KPCR for CPU 0 : 0x82d3bc00
KPCR for CPU 1 : 0x807c6000
KPCR for CPU 2 : 0x8d300000
KPCR for CPU 3 : 0x8d336000
KUSER_SHARED_DATA : 0xffdf0000
Image date and time : 2014-05-09 15:26:28 UTC+0000
Image local date and time : 2014-05-09 17:26:28 +0200
$ python vol.py -f /tmp/hiberfil.sys --profile=Win7SP1x64 pslist
Volatility Foundation Volatility Framework 2.4
No suitable address space mapping found
Tried to open image as:
MachOAddressSpace: mac: need base
LimeAddressSpace: lime: need base
WindowsHiberFileSpace32: No base Address Space
WindowsCrashDumpSpace64BitMap: No base Address Space
WindowsCrashDumpSpace64: No base Address Space
...
...
If I try an imagecopy, the output file is identical to the original:
$ python vol.py -f /tmp/hiberfil.sys --profile=Win7SP1x64 imagecopy -O
/tmp/hiberfil.bin
Volatility Foundation Volatility Framework 2.4
Writing data (5.00 MB chunks):
|.................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................|
bridgey@aspire:~/dev/volatility$ md5sum /tmp/hiberfil.*
fee8a1c6924b871477434a678adb4483 /tmp/hiberfil.bin
fee8a1c6924b871477434a678adb4483 /tmp/hiberfil.sys
And finally, I couldn't find a class for 64-bit hiberfil...
$ find -type f -name '*iber*' -exec grep -H ^class.WindowsHi {} \;
./volatility/plugins/addrspaces/hibernate.py:class
WindowsHiberFileSpace32(addrspace.BaseAddressSpace):
Am I leaping to conclusions, or is a hiberfil from a 64-bit system simply
not supported?
Would love any comments!
Thanks,
Adam
Yesterday we published a new blog post on using bulk_extractor during
memory forensics investigations. The writeup focused on the ability to
create PCAP files of resident network data inside a memory capture. If
you are not using this capability in your investigations then you are
definitely missing out!
http://volatility-labs.blogspot.com/2015/01/incorporating-disk-forensics-wi…
--
Thanks,
Andrew (@attrc)
We are pleased to announce that BSidesNOLA 2015 will take place on
Saturday, May 30th in the heart of downtown New Orleans. Full details
can be found on the following page:
http://www.securitybsides.com/w/page/91550808/BSidesNOLA
Our call for papers is currently open and we will be accepting
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you must register on the Eventbrite page!
--
Thanks,
Andrew (@attrc)
